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Why British Restricted Nepal to the Kali River in the 1816 Sugauli Treaty
The Kali River (aka Mahakali, Sarada or Ghaghara (Gogra)) appears twice in the Sugauli Treaty. Nepal not only cedes the Terai between the Kali and the Rapti but also renounces the land to the west of the Kali. Given its importance in the treaty, questions arise: This article explores the geographic, economic, and political…
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Timeline of the Kali River Theatre during the Anglo-Nepal War
The Kali River Theatre During the Anglo-Nepal War (1814-1816), the Kali River Theatre was a part of the British East India Company’s campaign in the western frontiers between the Kali and the Sutlej Rivers. Including an elaborate plan to capture Kumaon, the British looked to chase away the Gorkhas with the help of chiefs…
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Mahakali River: A Timeline of Two Centuries of Neglect, Mismanagement, and Treason
A concise historical overview of the major treaties, agreements, events, and debates surrounding the Mahakali River.